The Battle Of The American Civil War - 2055 Words

The American Civil War was an infamous struggle fought, primarily, on the issue of slavery. This war shook the nation to its very core, and its legacy has lived on in the hearts and minds of American citizens. Few words have a stronger impact, or strike as familiar of a note, as the words â€Å"Four score and seven years ago.† Americans recognize this statement on a subconscious level, even if they do not know where they are from. These words were spoken in Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, at a pivotal moment in United States history. The Battle of Gettysburg was the tipping point of the Civil War, with each side struggling for victory. Had the Confederates won this key battle, the entire shape of the world would have been altered, and it was none other than Robert E. Lee himself who led the Confederate forces on this historic day. Through the examination of the life and accomplishments of American General Robert E. Lee, his influence on the United States, especial ly through the Civil War, becomes abundantly clear. Robert E. Lee was born in Stratford Hall, Virginia, on January 19, 1807. His parents’ names were Anne Hill Carter and Henry â€Å"Light-Horse Harry† Lee (Bio). His father was a well-known war hero from the Revolutionary War. However, despite his noble deeds, Henry Lee had many financial troubles, which would eventually drive him out of Virginia. His father’s acts of valor and times of hardship showed Robert E. Lee that even the best of men can fall apart whenShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of The American Civil War Essay1488 Words   |  6 Pages How could a traumatic war possibly be a great cause to our country? The battles of the American Civil War for example, has dramatically affected this country in a plethora of ways; from abolishing slavery in the South, uniting the United States, and changing the political and social ways of how we are today. However, these are not the only changes to occur. Military and medicine started to advance, and even different cultures and languages began to develop across the land. As of today, it has beenRead MoreThe Battle Of The American Civil War905 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Civil war occurred about seventy-eight years after the American Revolution, and has many of the same characteristics of a revolution. In both wars, the American people fought for what they believed in and the way of life that they wished to live. However, the two wars differ from each other, as the soldiers that fought in the Civil War fought a new American Revolution that could have split the new world. The Confederate soldiers in the Civil War fought to keep their way of life withoutRead MoreThe Battle Of The American Civil War1140 Words   |  5 PagesOn April 12th 1861 the famous American Civil War began, citizens from all over the United states fought against one another. The war pitted brother against brother in a fight primarily over the freedom of slaves. The majority of soldiers in the Civil War were white especially those serving the southern regiments, however African Americans served as well. The black regiments of the military during the civil were successful and essential. These African Americans were referred to as Buffalo SoldiersRead MoreThe Battle Of The American Civil War869 Words   |  4 PagesA Confederate Divided The American Civil War has become a point of controversy and argument when discussing key events in shaping America. The arguments that arise when discussing the war tend to focus on whether the Confederate was constitutionally justified in seceding, or whether the North had the right to prevent the secession. However, when discussing the America Civil War and the idea of separation, it is important to be mindful that separation did not simply end at the state level.Read MoreThe Battle Of The American Civil War1335 Words   |  6 Pagesback with hindsight and the knowledge of warfare of the 21st century it is easy to say that the American Civil War was simply put, a very traditional war. Thinking of modern tactics and a course of numbers and deployment one might come to the conclusion that the Civil War was fought centuries ago; nevertheless, it only occurred 152 years ago. This hard fought national struggle was in fact a very modern war for many simple reasons, including the e mergence of a new form of large national government withRead MoreThe Battle Of The American Civil War1425 Words   |  6 PagesThree years after the attack on Fort Sumter, one of the most controversial battles of the American Civil War was fought in West Tennessee. The battle at Fort Pillow, located near the Mississippi River about 50 miles north of Memphis, was a bloody slaughter of a mixed Union garrison. The garrison was comprised of 557 men total, about half of those men were African American s in the 6th U.S. Regiment Colored Heavy Artillery, and the 2nd Colored Light Artillery, commanded by Major Lionel F. Booth.Read MoreThe Battle Of The American Civil War998 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Civil War was fought from April 12th 1861 to May 9th 1865 to mark the bloodiest clash in American history. The civil war started as a result of differences between the free and slave states over the authority of the national government to outlaw slavery in the Southern states. The eco nomy of the northern states had modernized and industrialization had taken root. They had invested heavily in their transport system, financial industries and communications network. The Southern economyRead MoreThe Battle Of The American Civil War1018 Words   |  5 Pages On September 17, 1862, the Union and Confederate armies met near the Maryland village of Sharpsburg in a battle that still remains the single bloodiest day in American history. The battle consisted of many attacks and counterattacks between Union General George B. McClellan and The Army of the Potomac against Confederate Robert E. Lee and his Army of Northern Virginia. Despite being heavily outnumbered, the Confederates managed to fight relentlessly over the course of the struggle. However, afterRead MoreThe Battle Of The American Civil War1463 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Stonewall† Jackson was alive in a very tense time for American History. The Southern States were in a full scale rebellion from the Union now calling themselves The Confederate States of America. The previously unified nation was split into two opposing sides going head to head in a battle to the death, with no end in sight. Starting his career in the US military, Jackson continued on to become one of the mo st famous generals in the American Civil War. Many historians consider him not only a strong leaderRead MoreThe Battle Of The American Civil War1494 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Civil War was a battle that took place in the United States from 1861 to 1865. This war ripped the entire country into two opposing sides and forced them to fight against each other due to differences in beliefs. Although this War brought great tragedy across the entire nation, some refer to this time period as an American Revolution. But how could a time that caused mass amounts of death and terror be considered a period that revolutionized the country? By exploring this time period

Ethics of the Nuremberg Code Essay - 1065 Words

From 1946 to 1947, the Nuremberg War Crime Trials took place, withfifteen of twenty-three German physicians and research scientist-physicians found guilty of criminal human experimentation projects. The trial court attempted to establish a set of principles of human experimentation that could serve as a code of research ethics. The result was the Nuremberg Code, which attempted to provide a natural law-based set of universal ethical principles. Looking beyond the Nuremberg Code and applying it to modern medical research ethics, there are many challenges that it poses. Many have argued that the Code tries to provide for all unforeseen events, which restricts the researcher by requiring him to anticipate every situation, demanding the†¦show more content†¦Hence, a proxy was given to those who did not have legal capacity allowing researchers to expand their population for experimentation. The term informed has also been criticized because sometimes even the researcher is not aware of the risks associated with the experiment or they are too technical for the subject to understand. Thus scientists have argued that only adequate information should be released to the patient and a full understanding is not necessary. In this clause, responsibilities are placed on the individual who is initiating, directing, or engaging the experiment but there is no place for the researcher to be reviewed for his actions. The scientist is in full control of making any necessary ethical deliberations. The Declaration of Helsinki added a clause stating experimental protocols should be transmitted to a specially appointed independent committee for consideration and comments. The third principle of the Code addresses the justification of the performance of the experiment based on previous studies done on animals. This may be challenged because the researcher cannot always guarantee success of the experiment even though it has been successful on animals or in previous studies. Uncertainties in the experiment will always be present. The Declaration of Helsinki does notShow MoreRelated10 Principles Regaarding Ethical Clinic and Set of Guidelines on Clinical Research1071 Words   |  5 PagesNuremberg Code is a set of 10 sophisticate principles regarding ethical clinical research on human being (Grodin, 1994). It is mainly for protection of subjects’ human right (Shuster, 1997), such as compulsory of informed consent and the equal authority of subjects as the physician-researcher to end the experiment. 1.2 Helsinki Declaration (1964) Helsinki Declaration is a set of guidelines on clinical research for physician as their responsibility toward protection of their research subjectsRead MoreThe Trials Of The Nuremberg1630 Words   |  7 PagesValues Conflict Paper - Nuremberg Trials The Nuremberg Doctors Trial of 1946 is the preeminent case recognizing the importance of medical ethics and human rights specifically about human research subjects. The defendants in the trials include Nazi leadership, physicians, and investigators prosecuted for conducting unethical and inhumane medical experiments on civilians and prisoners of war resulting in extreme pain, suffering, permanent injury and often death. The Nuremberg Code, borne of these trialsRead MoreCode of ethics serves as the moral compass that directs and guides the integrity, values, and1500 Words   |  6 PagesCode of ethics serves as the moral compass that directs and guides the integrity, values, and beliefs of an organization. A code of ethics clarifies to employees what the company stands for and its expectations for employee conduct (Daft, 2013). A well-written code is a true commitment to responsible business practices in that it outlines specific procedures to handle ethical failures. Within the research enterprise, the code of ethics ensures that research projects involving human subjects areRead MoreExamination Of Past And Present Ethical Guidelines On Biomedical Research1368 Words   |  6 PagesEilidh Cowan Ethics of Biomedical Science Research Ioan Alexandru Beldean Examination of past and present ethical guidelines on biomedical research Ethics can be defined as a set of moral values informing one’s decisions. But this set of moral values can be influenced by many different things, such as various cultures, religions, and even technological advancements. This is called moral relativism, the idea that there are no real truths in ethics and what is right or wrong varies person by personRead MoreThe Tuskeee Study: Radically Changed the Views and Practice of Medicine and Ethics1014 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tuskegee Study has radically changed the views and practice of medicine and ethics. The 40 year long study impacted 600 African American men and their families. It began as a scientific investigation of syphilis as it affected black men. Back in the 1930’s, it was thought to be true that black men were genetically different from white men and that black men’s bodies reacted differently to syphilis. The goal was to see what would happen to the men who had syphilis if they were left untreated (CDCRe ad MoreThe Importance Of The Nuremberg Code791 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å" At the Nuremberg medical trials, 23 doctors and scientists were tried as war criminals†¦ Twelve doctors were found guilty, and four were executed† (Leaning 2). During World War Two German doctors were experimenting on humans. Nuremberg Trials were being held as a cause of the human experimentation. People were being experimented on without their consent to do so. There were 24 war criminal trials in Germany and 12 cases in the US. In affect The Nuremberg Code prevents patients from being experimentedRead MoreEthics Of Behavioral Science Research Essay827 Words   |  4 PagesEthics in Behavioral Science Research Stenulson 1 For most of us, when we think about ethics, we think of rules for distinguishing between right and wrong. There are many things that govern our behavior, such as rules, laws, and the Ten Commandments. Most people learn ethical norms from parents, siblings, classmates, and at church, and other social settings. Most people learn the difference between right and wrong when they are younger, but ethical and moral developmentRead MoreTuskegee Case Study1743 Words   |  7 Pagesscientist performing the Tuskegee study justified their action by claiming that the study will help produce new and better ways of providing care for the negro community. Ethical principles as they relate to the Tuskegee syphilis study The Nuremberg code established in 1947 provided guide lines that must be followed whenever there are studies that involve human medical experiments. These guidelines provide boundaries and rights that need to be maintained to protect the participants within theRead MoreUnethical And Criminal Behavior During The Prussian Parliament944 Words   |  4 Pagesparticipant’s autonomy and beneficence. The criticism of unethical human experiments in the media and in the parliament, the Reich government issued detailed ‘Guidelines for new therapy and human experimentation’ in 1931 (Vollmann, Rolf, 1996). Nuremberg Code (1946) Since, the post-World War I gave a way for Nazis to rise to power in Germany and that had led to an era, where all basic human rights of the citizens were ceased, the research sector was also greatly affected as ‘the Nazi doctors’ practicedRead MoreEthical Principles Of The Tuskegee Study1665 Words   |  7 PagesTuskegee study was an eye opener to many individuals, leading to laws and reconstructed ethical principles. According to Ogungbure, The aim of research ethics is to ensure that research projects involving human subjects are carried out without causing harm to the subjects involved. (Ogungbure 2011) As a nurse it is important to follow the ANA code of ethics. Being aware and practicing ethical principles will help with treating the Patient and keep them informed with their healthcare choices. Nursing in

Modify DCS GAs Swing Logic Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Modify DCS GAs Swing Logic. Answer: Project Description The Distributed Control System (DCS) in our gas processing plant is out-of-date and requires a programming modification to be updated for two changes in our gas injection train: The project is estimated to cost $29,385 and was not budgeted for 2017; the need for this project was only recently identified. Background The gas injection swing logic serves the purpose of maintaining an appropriate injection pressure in the system. This logic resides within the DCS; when the Total Gas To Injection (TGTI) pressure reaches 19 MPa the logic sends a signal to the Remote Transmitter Unit (RTU) at each injection well which opens the control valve. This allows more gas to be injected into the wells, and relieves the system pressure back to a normal operating level (around 17.5MPa). There are two reasons why this swing logic is needed: Medium-duration handling of excess gas injection volumes. This is to allocate sustained excess gas volumes properly and requires smooth control. This occurs as production rates fluctuate from the field from activities like pipeline pigging and bringing new wells onto production. Note that long-duration excess gas injection will be accommodated through injection target changes; it is not intended to be handled with the swing logic. As well, gas shortages will not be included in this scope of work; this situation will also be accommodated through target changes. The existing swing logic is designed to take the wells existing injection target and multiply it by a factor of 1.75, to increase the valve position and open it to allow more gas. The main problem with this design is that there is less gas being sent to injection on a normal daily basis because it is being preferentially sent to sales instead. This results in many injection wells having a normal operating target of 0 e3m3/d. When the swing logic engages, the DCS will not send signals to the field RTUs to open the control valves for any wells that have an existing target of 0 e3m3/d, because 0 e3m3/d X 1.75 = 0 e3m3/d. This renders those wells ineffective when TGTI pressure reaches 19 MPa and it is likely that the TGTI system pressure will reach the set point of the high pressure shut down switch (22 MPa). This situation has happened twice within the last year. There are two problems that result from compressor shutdowns: Lost Revenue - The gas train of the processing plant will shut down. Excess gas is sent to flare (burned). Oil wells that have a high gas-to-oil ratio (GOR) must be shut in until the gas train is back online. Both situations directly lose revenue; during the last two compressor shutdown events lost revenue amounted to ~$150,000 each time. Increased Cost - Reaching these high pressures often can result in damage to the compressor, which will result in unscheduled downtime and increased maintenance costs. It is also important to note that high pressure shutdowns should only be utilized as a last resort. It is proper engineering design to ensure you dont reach those shutdown levels as a part of normal operating procedure, to reduce the likelihood of failure of these protection devices. The remaining wells to be part of the gas injection swing logic are these B Pool injectors: 0/16-15-109-08W6/00 0/09-15-109-08W6/00 0/12-10-109-08W6/00 2/10-10-109-08W6/00 0/12-03-109-08W6/00 0/10-03-109-08W6/00 3/13-02-109-08W6/00 0/03-03-109-08W6/00 These wells have a combined maximum injection capacity of approximately 2240 e3m3/d. This number is based on current orifice plate sizes and trends of actual injection rates from 2014-2017. Typical daily gas volumes during normal operating conditions in the plant are as follows: TGTI (treated gas to injection): 800e3m3/d TCPL Sales gas: 900-1400e3m3/d Solution This project proposes to upgrade the swing logic for the remaining B Pool gas injectors to open their control valves during a high-pressure swing situation even if their operating target is set to 0 e3m3/d. The following proposed control philosophy is based on ease of implementation; all controllers already reside in SCADA. Control Philosophy The proposed change for the new swing logic is to consider any control valves that currently have a target of 0 e3m3/d, and impose a set point change even if this condition exists. This will result in a consistent maximum swing tolerance volume. B-Pool Chase Gas The following 8 control valves will continue to be included in the B-Pool chase gas swing: NLB 09-15 / 50-0915-FIC-62 NLB 16-15 / 50-0915-FIC-61 12-10 splitter - 12-10 / 50-1210-FIC-60 2/10-10 well - 2/10-10 / 10-FIC-573 SLB 3/13-02 / 54-FIC-93 SLB 03-03 / 50-0703-FIC-61 SLB 12-03 / 54-FIC-61 SLB 10-03 / 50-0703-FIC-60 Operator accessible ON (trip) and OFF (reset) pressures will continue to control the status of the B-Pool chase gas swing. If the plant TGTI pressure is greater than the ON pressure for Level 1 (to be set at 19 MPa), the swing will be enabled and the B-Pool chase controllers will continue to be issued a set point of: Existing Set Point X % Flow Increase. The % percent flow increase will be similar to the existing logic, at 75%. If the plant TGTI pressure continues to increase and exceeds the ON pressure for Level 2, which will be set to 19.8 MPa, all controllers will receive a valve output command of 100%. Once the plant TGTI pressure falls below the OFF pressure, all swing will be switched off and the B-Pool chase controllers will receive their original set points prior to the swing. A minimum gap of 100 kPa is recommended between the ON and OFF pressures to allow smooth control. Notes The swing levels will be cascaded by using higher ON and OFF pressure set point for each subsequent swing. Controllers in manual prior to a gas swing will not be affected by the swing (during or after). Naming conventions will be consistent with the existing gas swing: Pressure set points will be called ON PRESSURE and OFF PRESSURE ENABLED will mean the logic is ready / standby, DISABLED will mean the logic is bypassed. Swing status will be displayed as either ON or OFF Alternative Options Continue to operate with existing swing logic, assuming there will be atleast two compressor high pressure shutdowns per year. This is a total of $300,000 in lost revenue, plus an increase in maintenance cost. 0/15-03-109-08W6/00 and 0/01-03-109-08W6/00 are also gas injectors in B Pool, but currently do not have SCADA at site as there is no power available. They can only be controlled manually by the field operators. They are not part of the swing logic as there is no remote signal that can be sent from the DCS with this current design, therefore their injection capacity cannot be considered as part of the design. If added to the swing logic, they would provide an additional 480e3m3/d of capacity to the gas injection swing logic. This number is based on the current orifice plate size and well capability. The scoping for adding SCADA to these sites is not a part of the design of this project, but must be considered if sales gas targets are expected to increase past 1400e3m3/d in the future. Justification This project will reduce lost revenues by ~$300,000/year for a total spend of $29,385. This work will pay out in approximately 36 days, which is well under the Capital expenditure hurdle rate of 6 months. Execution Strategy Required internal resources include the DCS Maintenance Rep, Plant Operations, and Engineering. External programming resources are also required to complete this project; the selected vendor is Autopro. Scope of Work Project Engineer will write an upgraded Control Narrative. Cost Estimate A Capital AFE will be raised for this project. Estimated costs are as follows (+/- 10%): Reviews Engineering Manager ________________________________ Plant Superintendent ________________________________ Field Superintendent ________________________________ Maintenance Superintendent ________________________ Grammatical errors, which I found, which include verb use problems and punctuation error. I did not understand this part regarding the specification of the target that can range from the source of injection to the sink for injection. The alternative section of the report is very neatly said and all the portions of lost revenues are very persuasive to apply for the new proposed project.

Skiing Experience Essays - Winter Sports, Skiing, Winter

Skiing Experience Thin air encompasses me as I commence the final day of skiing at Vail, Colorado. Seven days of skiing elapse rather painlessly; I fall occasionally but an evening in the Jacuzzi soothes my minor aches. Closing time approaches on the final day of our trip as I prepare myself for the final run of the vacation. Fresh off the ski lift, I coast toward the junction of trails on the unoccupied expert face of the mountain. After a moment of thought, I confidently select a narrow trail so steep that only the entrance can be seen from my viewpoint. A blast of adrenaline charges throughout my body as I experience the initial drop. My body's weight shifts mechanically, cutting the snow in a practiced rhythm. The trail curves abruptly and I advance toward a shaded region of the mountain. Suddenly, my legs chatter violently, scraping against the concealed ice patches that pepper the trail. After overcompensating from a nearly disastrous slip, balance fails and my knees buckle helplessly. In a storm of powder snow and ski equipment, body parts collide with nature. My left hand plows forcefully into ice, cracking painfully at the wrist. For an eternity of 30 seconds, my body somersaults downward, moguls of ice toy with my head and further agonize my broken wrist. Ultimately veering into underbrush and pine trees, my cheeks burn, my broken wrist surging with pain. Standing up confused, I attempt climbing the mountain but lose another 20 feet to the force of gravity. All alone, I glance downhill and notice my left ski ensnared in distant undergrowth. One of my ski poles lies casually near the summit, trapped in a mogul crevice. The lonely winter atmosphere bestows little comfort; I am aware that the trail will stay empty until eight o'clock the next morning and therefore undertake immediate action. As I painfully peel off my left glove to inspect the damage, the monotone drone of the ski lift ceases. I stand up and detach my right ski, then ascend the powdery snowdrifts that flank the trail in search of my missing equipment. Upon attaining the altitude of my missing pole, I re-enter the steep slope. Digging into the snow with my boots while stabilizing my body with the uninjured arm, I inch across the hill, lose my foothold, and plummet downward. Repeating this process for the second time, I succeed in grasping the pole. After fastening skis to boots, I begin the multi-mile journey to the ski lodge. My mother meets me and learns of my adventure, I observe a reflection of my pain in her face. We pack the car and inquire concerning the location of a clinic. On the way to the emergency room I yearn for sleep. While the nurse wraps my arm in fiberglass casting material, I anticipate next years' adventure. Sports and Games